Iraq’s political and economic system cannot be understood without examining one of its most defining features: the presence of armed groups operating both within and beyond the state. Armed militias shaping institutions and parliament as they see fit, backed by…
Artificial intelligence is increasingly presented as a transformative force, one that will drive productivity, unlock innovation, and reshape the global economy. But a closer look at its early impact, particularly in developed economies where data is more transparent and widely…
Iraq’s economic struggles are often attributed to policy failures, corruption, or mismanagement. While all of these play a role, they do not fully explain the reality. The deeper issue is structural. Iraq’s economy is not simply underperforming; it is functioning…
The divisions that define Iraq today did not emerge naturally. They were constructed, deliberately, systematically, and they continue to have long-term consequences that continue to shape the country’s political and social reality. Before 2003, the narrative presented to both global…
The latest escalation involving the United States, Israel, and Iran has once again placed the Middle East at the centre of global geopolitical tension. This comes after a very short time of the continuous bombardment of Gaza and the South…